For example, a thermocouple generates a known voltage the output in response to its temperature the. Download the covid19 open research dataset, an extensive machinereadable full text resource of scientific literature with tens of thousands of articles about coronavirus. We explore the layers for a semantic sensor web and discuss security issues. Video on the semantic sensor web cory henson, amit sheth, prateek jain, josh pschorr, terry rapoch kno. Stay on top of the latest coronavirus research with an aipowered adaptive research feed, a free service from semantic scholar. The semantic sensor web ssw 16 suggests enriching sensor observations with semantic metadata to enhance interoperability, with some of the semantic processing taking place on embedded devices. With a view to alleviating this glut, we propose that sensor data, especially video sensor data, can be annotated with semantic metadata to provide contextual information about videos on the web. Semantic sensor web ssw millions of sensors around the globe currently collect avalanches of data about our environment. Toward situation awareness for the semantic sensor web.
To date, the web has developed most rapidly as a medium of documents for people rather than for data and information that can be processed automatically. Despite their importance in image analysis and scene under. We exemplifying their usage for analyzing weather sensor data places all around the oil. A semantic sensor web for environmental decision support. The ssn ontology of the w3c semantic sensor network incubator. Pdf a semantic sensor web for environmental decision. Ogcs sensor web enablement standards provide a means to annotate sensors and their observations. It does not describe domain concepts, time, locations, etc.
The w3c semantic sensor network incubator group ssnxg defined an owl 2 ontology to describe the capabilities and properties of sensors, the act of sensing and the resulting observations. However, these standards are not yet integrated and aligned. At the other end we have databases, programs and sensor output. We argue that ontologies are an adequate methodol ogy to model sensors and their capabilities. In 2008 a framework named semantic sensor web 8 was proposed. Enterprises are also finding more uses for sensors, from supporting the operational layers to the higherlevel strategic decision making layers 5. We also discuss secure peertopeer computing as it relates to sensor web. In particular, we present an approach to annotating video sensor data with spatial, temporal, and thematic semantic metadata. A core ontological model for semantic sensor web infrastructures. The semantic sensor web ssw is a marriage of sensor and semantic web technologies. Semantic challenges for sensor plug and play springerlink. After this pioneering work, many other works have embraced the idea of applying semantic technologies for different tasks related to the. With a view to addressing this problem, the semantic sensor web ssw proposes that sensor data be annotated with semantic metadata that will both increase interoperability and provide contextual. Semantic web x 2018 10x ios press the sosassn ontology.
From 2002 onward, swe developed into a generic framework for delivering sensor data, dealing with remotesensing, moving platforms, and insitu monitoring and sensing. A generic language to describe sensor assets semantic interoperability the ability of communicating entities to share unambiguous meaning wikipedia syntactic interoperability provided by the ogc standards is a prerequisite to semantic interoperability. The concept of a sensor web was first proposed by the jet propulsion laboratory jpl of national aeronautics and space administration nasa back in 1999 delin et al. An ontological representation of time series observations could provide a more expressive model and resolve problems of semantic level interoperability of sensor networks on the semantic sensor web. The w3c and the open geospatial consortium standardisation bodies have taken a second look at the semantic sensor network ontology and have published a new standard ontology for representing sensors, observations, sampling, actuation and sensor networks. In this paper we focused on sensor planning services sps from sensor web enablement swe service model.
An ontological representation of time series observations on. Kostis kyzirakos, manos karpathiotakis and manolis koubarakis dept. This was consistent with w3c endorsed best practices on publishing data on the web, which recommend a linked data approach, allowing sensor data, for example, to be published as part of a global and densely interconnected graph of data 34. A sensor web consists of a system of intracommunicating, spatially distributed sensor pods that can be deployed to monitor and explore new environments delin et al. The goal of the sensor web enablement swe initiative of the open geospatial consortium ogc is the definition of web service interfaces and data encodings to make sensors discoverable, taskable. Raw sensor observation data is annotated and encoded with.
In particular, this involves annotating sensor data with spatial, temporal, and thematic semantic metadata. Semantic sensor web is the combination of the semantic web technology and sensor. May 31, 2016 one of the major issues practitioner s raised with the semantic sensor network ontology as defined in the xg is its complexity, partly due to the layering underneath the dolce ultralite upperlevel ontology. Mar 06, 2016 to learn more, visit a complete beginners guide to zoom 2020 update everything you need to know to get started duration. Pdf sensors are distributed across the globe leading to an avalanche of data about our environment. The open geospatial consortium ogc defines standardization for the sensor web as named sensor web enablement swe.
Holger neuhaus, michael compton, the semantic sensor network ontology. Adding semantic annotations to existing standard sensor web languages in order to provide semantic descriptions and enhanced access to sensor data this is accomplished with. The term semantic sensor web ssw 1 has recently been used to refer to the combination of sensor network, web and semantic technologies with the view of addressing the opportunity that we have to unify the. This article describes the ontology, its development, an example and current uses. Applying semantic based approaches to sensor web challenges in this section we provide brief descriptions of how the aforementioned challenges are being addressed in existing initiatives and projects, by means. Pdf the ssn ontology of the w3c semantic sensor network. Any information or knowledge related to systems is. A generic language to describe sensor assets holger neuhausa, michael comptonb a tasmanian ict centre, csiro gpo box 1538, hobart, tas 7001, australia b csiro ict centre gpo box 664, canberra, act 2601, australia abstract. Wsns are developed in different application domains of sensor and user types, with each typically relying on its own metadata semantics, data format and software. To address the shortcomings of existing sensor ontologies, such as lack of a unified ontology framework and being built completely manually, this work proposes.
Pdf the w3c semantic sensor network incubator group the ssnxg produced an owl2 ontology to. Sharing humangenerated observations by integrating hmi. One of the main features of this framework is the use of ontologies. Sharing humangenerated observations by integrating hmi and. We introduce a novel approach for describing sensors and their capabilities. The term semantic sensor web was coined by sheth et al. Integration of wireless sensor network and web services. Based on a dataset that combines sensor data with additional introduced data we predict the number of persons in a closed space.
In particular, this involves annotating sensor data with spatial, temporal, and thematic semantic. Developing registries for the semantic sensor web using strdf and stsparql short paper. Five challenges for sensor web applications this section starts presenting those challenges in the area of the sensor web that have to do with the characteristics of the data sources that are handled in typical sensor web applications, and then moves into those. Developing hardware, algorithms and protocols, as well as collecting data in sensor networks are all important challenges in building good systems. The initial w3c semantic sensor network incubator group ontology ssn was built around an ontology design pattern called the stimulus sensor observation sso pattern ssopattern. Integrating statistical machine learning in a semantic. Video on the semantic sensor web by cory andrew henson. The encoding of sensor descriptions and sensor observation data with semantic web languages enables more expressive representation, advanced access, and formal analysis of sensor resources. This paper describes a core ontological model for semantic sensor web infrastructures that covers these characteristics and that has been built with a focus on reusabil ity. Ontologies enable reasoning, classification and other types of. Five challenges for the semantic sensor web semantic web journal. Introduction his work presents an approach for the automated integration of insitu and proximal sensors 1 and services on the sensor web. Although the utilization of these standards provide integration of semantic web with sensor. Developing registries for the semantic sensor web using.
It is the realization of the sensor web in the context of the semantic web. As shown in table 1, the semantic web consists of four elements. An ontological representation of time series observations on the semantic sensor web cory a. The semantic sensor network ontology commonly known as ssn or sometimes ssno is an owl2 dl ontology for describing sensors and the observations they make of the physical world.
The stimulussensorobservation ontology design pattern and. Resource description framework rdf a variety of data interchange formats e. Semantic web technologies a set of technologies and frameworks that enable the web of data. Five challenges for sensor web applications this section starts presenting those challenges in the area of the sensor web that have to do with the characteristics of the data sources that are handled in typical sensor web applications, and then moves into those challenges that have to do with the creation of. To progress towards a full harmonization between hmi systems and the sensor web, advancements. Semantic web based sensor planning services sps for sensor web enablement swe. The geo label provides a visual summary of the standardised metadata to aid users in this process. Semantic web technologies, for example, ontologies, can be used to model concepts and relationships in a domain of interest 6,7. Semantic sensor data search in a largescale federated sensor. While the pattern is intended to act as a generic and reusable component for all kinds of observationrelated ontologies for linked data and the semantic web, it also forms the toplevel of the semantic sensor network ssn ontol.
Sheth 1, krishnaprasad thirunarayan 1, and rajkumar buyya 3 1 kno. First now we get into some overview about the basic things about the ogc based sensor web enablement swe and wireless. In particular, in section 4, we describe how we are developing a solution for chaining di. Analytical and reasoning capabilities afforded by semantic web standards and technologies. Deriving semantic sensor metadata from raw measurements. The semantic sensor network ontology world wide web. Semantic web based sensor planning services sps for. Sensor ontology building in semantic sensor web springerlink. Enabling query technologies for the semantic sensor web. We describe a vertical system integration of a sensor node and a toolkit of machine learning algorithms. In this paper we extend rdf, which will often be the metadata model of choice in the semantic sensor web, with a uniform way to represent.
The rapid development and deployment of sensor technology involves many different types of sensors, both remote and in situ, with such. Web enablement swe standards 1, 7, 42 provide a framework for describing sensors and observations, as. Video on the semantic sensor web world wide web consortium. The lack of integration and communication between these. Web, and describe some ongoing work and open opportunities for the introduction of semantics in this context. A semantic sensor web for environmental decision support applications. This ontology is developed by the w3c semantic sensor networks incubator group ssnxg. Modeling and querying metadata in the semantic sensor web. An ontology for sensor networks should capture information about sensor capabilities, performance. Semsos is the principal component of semantic sensor web 17. The semantic sensor network ssn ontology is an ontology for describing sensors and their observations, the involved procedures, the studied features of interest, the samples used to do so, and the observed properties, as well as actuators.
Rdf, web ontology language, internet of things, sparql, semantic sensor service provider, and semantic sensor service provider ontology. While semantic metadata has been shown to be e ective for managing. Semantic web based sensor planning services sps for sensor. Serverless geo labels for the semantic sensor webv1 preprints. From environmental measurement devices to smartphones, the sourcesofsensordata continue to proliferate, increasing the possibility ofblend. Introduction sensors are everywhere and they have become part of our daily lives. The workshop will take place in the conference room called clio. It is possible today to utilize networks of sensors to detect and identify a multitude of observations, from simple phenomena to complex events and situations. Preprint submitted to journal of web semantics may 11, 2012. Semantic web technologies improve discovery with meaningful ontologies, but the decision of suitability remains with the users.
It will use the internet as a scaffold to support and transmit its sensations. Like the internet, the semantic web will be as decentralized as possible. Semantic web technologies with sensor networks dates back to 2005 and was called semantic sensor nets 7. This section explains the rationale and method for modularisation of the ssn. This ontological model is composed of different modules that deal, on the one hand, with infrastructure.
The sso was developed as a minimal and common ground for heavyweight ontologies for the use on the semantic sensor web as well as to explicitly address the need. The ssn ontology of the w3c semantic sensor network. As the amount of sensor data made available online increases, it becomes more difficult for users to identify useful datasets. Wireless sensor networks wsns integrated with web services are becoming common in widespread applications across the world.
An ontological representation of time series observations. In section 5 we present and justify our vision of cloud platforms as sensor networks, as well as sketch out the architecture of the envisaged selfadaptation framework. The semantic web is a set of technologies used for the representation, publication and browsing of structural data on the web. In the broadest definition, a sensor is an object whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment, and then provide a corresponding output. The semantic sensor web brings semantic web technologies to annotate sensor data making it easier for different applications to extract homogeneous interpretations of them. There is a high demand for standardising access to sensor data via internet without having to use some. Modelling and analysis of a semantic sensor service. In this paper, such an ontology model is proposed, as well as a realworld use. While in controlled environments the sensor metadata can be reasonably well managed and controlled by the data owners, in the context of the sensor web, where any citizen is able to produce and publish data, it becomes a more di cult task. Semantically enriched sensor networks should allow the discovery and analysis of sensor data based on spatial, temporal and thematic information.
563 515 971 1190 1400 706 547 615 973 849 311 635 187 603 695 3 345 878 250 226 56 1084 1099 354 1535 1220 835 1303 278 163 978 487 1317 684 811 583 1215 875 872 283 1343 1499 1273 990 299 908 737